Front Line States

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Cross-Border Raids / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Heartless and Vicious 1985 Lesotho Raid

The Heartless and Vicious 1985 Lesotho Raid Exactly forty years ago, during the early hours of 20 December 1985, at around 01:00, Vlakplaas Commander Eugene de Kock was leading a…

0 Comments

December 20, 2025

1967-1968 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Sipolilo Campaign – ‘Advanced Group’ to the Zambezi River

Sipolilo Campaign – ‘Advanced Group’ to the Zambezi River From 18 to 20 December 1967, the “Advanced Group” of the joint Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) and Zimbabwe African People’s Revolutionary…

0 Comments

December 18, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Oliver Tambo: Victory or Death

Oliver Tambo: Victory or Death (“Umkhonto we Sizwe – Born of the People”: Statement of the National Executive Committee of the African National Congress Delivered by Commander-in-Chief OR Tambo on…

0 Comments

December 16, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / National Trade Union Leaders / Negotiations / Sanctions / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Oliver Tambo: Our Will and Readiness to Free Ourselves

Oliver Tambo: Our Will and Readiness to Free Ourselves (Opening address by President Oliver Tambo to the ANC’s National Consultative Conference held in Johannesburg from 14 to 16 December 1990).…

0 Comments

December 14, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

OR Tambo Returns from Exile

OR Tambo Returns from Exile On 13 December 1990, exactly 35 years ago, Oliver Reginald Tambo, the exiled Deputy President and later President of the African National Congress (ANC), returned…

0 Comments

December 13, 2025

1974-1975 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Gang of Eight Expelled from the African National Congress (ANC)

Gang of Eight Expelled from the African National Congress (ANC) Exactly 50 years ago, on 11 December 1975, the African National Congress of South Africa (ANC) issued a Statement on…

0 Comments

December 12, 2025

1964-1967 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Michael Dingake Arrested in Figtree, Rhodesia

Michael Dingake Arrested in Figtree, Rhodesia On 8 December 1965, Michael Kitso Dingake, a member of the African National Congress (ANC) Secretariat, based in Ramoutsa, in Bechuanaland, was on a…

0 Comments

December 8, 2025

1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Cross-Border Raids / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / Patriotic Front / RENAMO / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

South Africa-Mozambique Talks in Paris

South Africa-Mozambique Talks in Paris On 5 December 1980, a four-man apartheid South African delegation led by the Director-General of Foreign Affairs, Brand Fourie, secretly met with a three-person Mozambican…

0 Comments

December 5, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Cross-Border Raids / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Oliver Tambo: The Spirit of Arusha is a Challenge to Us

Oliver Tambo: The Spirit of Arusha is a Challenge to Us (Closing speech by Oliver Tambo at the ANC Conference “Peoples of the World United Against Apartheid for a Democratic…

0 Comments

December 4, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Cross-Border Raids / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Our Common Victory is Assured

Our Common Victory is Assured (Address by Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere, Chairman of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi, CCM, at the Opening of the ANC Conference, Arusha,1 December 1987). “This year…

0 Comments

December 3, 2025