Wankie and Sipolilo Campaigns

1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / FRELIMO / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Oliver Tambo on the Criticality of the Armed Struggle

Oliver Tambo on the Criticality of the Armed Struggle On 28 May 1979, African National Congress (ANC) President Oliver Tambo delivered a presidential address to a sitting of the National…

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May 28, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Pango Mutiny: Part 1 – the Brutal Sunday

The Pango Mutiny: Part 1 – the Brutal Sunday On 13 May 1984, at the Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) camp in Pango, approximately 45 kilometres from Quibaxe town, north of…

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May 13, 2025

1974-1975 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Motshabi Commission Report

The Motshabi Commission Report On 2 May 1975, the Motshabi Commission delivered an interim report on the condition of the African National Congress’s (ANC’s) existing People’s Army abroad. The “Commission…

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May 3, 2025

1969-1974 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / FRELIMO / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Morogoro Consultative Conference of the African National Congress

The Morogoro Consultative Conference of the African National Congress (Merged extracts of articles from Sechaba, July 1969 and July 1979) “CLOSE RANKS! This is the order to our people; our…

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April 27, 2025

1969-1974 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

MK “Operation J” Aborted

MK “Operation J” Aborted On 22 April 1972, Alexander Moumbaris was busy packing his items for leaving the country the following day, after he had received a cable from Ronnie…

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April 22, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Golela Episode

The Golela Episode On 20 April 1993, a strictly confidential report undersigned by the then Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Chief of Staff, Siphiwe Nyanda (aka “Gebhuza”) was uncovered, which was…

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April 20, 2025

1974-1975 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / National Trade Union Leaders / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Efforts to Revive the M-Plan in the 1970s

Efforts to Revive the M-Plan in the 1970s On Sunday morning, 13 April 1975, Bhekisisa Nxasana was in the yard of his house in Clermont, Durban, when a man approached…

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April 15, 2025

1967-1968 / 1969-1974 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

MK Stowaways for Underground Revival

MK Stowaways for Underground Revival On 19 February 1968, eight days after departing Kenya, the vessel “Clan Ross” reached Cape Town, and when it docked, Bifana Matthews Ngcobo asked Walter…

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February 19, 2025

1967-1968 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Battles / Pan Africanism / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Maintaining the Frontline

On 15 January 1967, Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda wrote to the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lieutenant General Joseph-Désiré Mobutu, outlining the results of a policy rethink…

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January 15, 2025