Culture is an essential element of the history of a people Culture is simultaneously the fruit of a people’s history and a determinant of history, by the positive or negative…
Payi, Xulu and Zondo Judicially Murdered by the Apartheid Regime On 9 September 1986, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) cadres, Clarence Lucky Payi, Sipho Brigitte Xulu and Andrew Sibusiso Zondo were…
Wankie Campaign – Vorster Admits to South Africa’s Involvement in Rhodesia On 8 September 1967, the Rand Daily Mail newspaper reported that a British Foreign Office official had denied South…
ARTISTS HAVE A MORAL RESPONSIBILITY We are trying to bring about a consciousness among our artists to be aware that they are cultural workers and that they really fall amongst…
The Gruesome Bisho Massacre On 7 September 1992, twenty-eight (28) African National Congress (ANC) supporters and one soldier were shot dead by the Bantustan Ciskei Defence Force (CDF) during a…
Arts, Culture, Heritage and the National Democratic Revolution “It is inconceivable that the National Democratic Revolution would fully succeed without elevating arts, culture and heritage which in many instances is…
Justice “Gizenga” Mpanza (aka “Reuben Nhlabathi”) Justice “Gizenga” Mpanza (aka “Reuben Nhlabathi”) was born on 5 September 1937 at Groutville Mission, near to KwaDukuza (Stanger). His father was one of…
MK Commander Looksmart Ngudle Dies in Detention On 5 September 1963, Looksmart Ngudle became the first person to die in detention in the history of the South African liberation struggle.…
Developing Our Revolutionary Heritage The Programme of the South African Communist Party: “The Road To South African Freedom” says: “The state should encourage in particular the unity of the African…
Umkhonto we Sizwe Cadres Removed from Kongwa On 1 September 1969, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) approved the prolonged stay and training of…