Sanctions

1943-1960 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Sanctions / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

The African National Congress (ANC) is Banned

The African National Congress (ANC) is Banned On 8 April 1960, the apartheid Justice Minister Frans Erasmus informed Parliament in Cape Town that the apartheid government had just signed a…

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April 8, 2025

1984-1990 / Sanctions / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

Illegal Exporting of Military Equipment to South Africa

Illegal Exporting of Military Equipment to South Africa On 2 April 1984, four South Africans and three British nationals were arrested in the United Kingdom and charged with illegally exporting…

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April 2, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Negotiations / Sanctions / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

Mandela and Buthelezi Agree to Ending Violence in Townships

Mandela and Buthelezi Agree to Ending Violence in Townships On 30 March 1990, Nelson Mandela of the African National Congress (ANC) and Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi of Inkatha Freedom Party…

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March 30, 2025

1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Pan Africanism / Sanctions / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Southern African Liberation Movements Meet with the Soviet and Cuban Leadership

Southern African Liberation Movements Meet with the Soviet and Cuban Leadership On 29 March 1977, in Luanda, Angola, leaders of the southern African liberation movements, Oliver Tambo of the African…

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March 29, 2025

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Pan Africanism / Sanctions

All-in Africa Conference in Pietermaritzburg, Natal

All-in Africa Conference in Pietermaritzburg, Natal On 25–26 March 1961, the two-day All-in African Conference – with 1,400 delegates from 145 religious, cultural, peasant, intellectual and political bodies – was…

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March 26, 2025

1984-1990 / African National Congress (ANC) / Israel / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

South Africa’s Nuclear Weapons Programme Openly Declared

South Africa’s Nuclear Weapons Programme Openly Declared On 24 March 1993, apartheid South African President F.W. de Klerk announced the existence of a South African nuclear weapons programme as well…

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March 24, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / Pan Africanism / Sanctions / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / SWAPO

Oliver Tambo Addressing the OAU Ad-Hoc Committee on Southern Africa

Oliver Tambo Addressing the OAU Ad-Hoc Committee on Southern Africa On 22 March 1989, addressing a one-day meeting of the Organisation of African Unity’s (OAU) Ad-Hoc Committee on Southern, Oliver…

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March 22, 2025

1984-1990 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Israel / Negotiations / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

Lucas Mangope Retreats

Lucas Mangope Retreats On 10 March 1994, President Lucas Mangope, the leader of the apartheid Bantustan, Bophuthatswana, retreated from the capital, Mmabatho, in the face of a popular uprising after…

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March 10, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Israel / Palestine / Sanctions / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

Olof Palme is Assassinated

Olof Palme is Assassinated Close to midnight on 28 February 1986, Sven Olof Joachim Palme was walking home from a cinema with his wife Lisbeth Palme in the central Stockholm…

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February 28, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / FRELIMO / Israel / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / Sanctions / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU)

Frontline States under Pressure

Frontline States under Pressure On 23 February 1985, Botswana Foreign Minister, G.K.T. Chiepe, was present when African National Congress (ANC) President Oliver Tambo and Thabo Mbeki met Botswana President Masire,…

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February 23, 2025