Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP)

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Bantustan Leaders Jointly Reject the Mandela-De Klerk “Record of Understanding”

Bantustan Leaders Jointly Reject the Mandela-De Klerk “Record of Understanding” On 29 September 1992, following the signing of a “Record of Understanding” by the leader of the African National Congress…

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September 29, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Trade Union Leaders / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Buthelezi Mobilisation of IFP Supporters in Thokoza

Buthelezi Mobilisation of IFP Supporters in Thokoza On 11 August 1993, Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi was addressing a crowd of approximately 2 500 Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) supporters in Thokoza,…

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August 11, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / National Trade Union Leaders / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Arrest of the Valiant MK-SDU Combatant Mzwandile Gushu in Ermelo

The Arrest of the Valiant MK-SDU Combatant Mzwandile Gushu in Ermelo On 17 July 1992, Hollingwood Mzwandile Gushu was arrested in hospital while he was receiving treatment for his wounds…

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July 18, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations

Mandela and De Klerk Meet for the First Time

Mandela and De Klerk Meet for the First Time On 5 April 1990, an informal three-hour meeting in Cape Town between Nelson Mandela, as a “free man”, and President F.W.…

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April 5, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Nelson Mandela’s Historic Political Rally

Nelson Mandela’s Historic Political Rally On 1 April 1990, African National Congress (ANC) Deputy President, Nelson Mandela, addressed a crowd of over 300 000 supporters in Port Elizabeth in what…

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April 1, 2025

1984-1990 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Negotiations / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

State of Emergency Declared in the Natal Province

State of Emergency Declared in the Natal Province On 31 March 1994, apartheid President F.W. de Klerk imposed a state of emergency in the Natal Province, coinciding with a report…

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March 31, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Negotiations / Sanctions / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

Mandela and Buthelezi Agree to Ending Violence in Townships

Mandela and Buthelezi Agree to Ending Violence in Townships On 30 March 1990, Nelson Mandela of the African National Congress (ANC) and Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi of Inkatha Freedom Party…

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March 30, 2025

1984-1990 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Inkatha Attack Repelled at ANC Shell House Headquarters

Inkatha Attack Repelled at ANC Shell House Headquarters On 28 March 1994, African National Congress (ANC) security guards opened fire on raging Inkatha impis, who were armed with guns, assegais…

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March 29, 2025

1984-1990 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Israel / Negotiations / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

Lucas Mangope Retreats

Lucas Mangope Retreats On 10 March 1994, President Lucas Mangope, the leader of the apartheid Bantustan, Bophuthatswana, retreated from the capital, Mmabatho, in the face of a popular uprising after…

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March 10, 2025

1984-1990 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / National Executive Committee (NEC)

Mandela’s Release Accompanied by Fighting Between the UDF and Inkatha

Mandela’s Release Accompanied by Fighting Between the UDF and Inkatha On the morning of 14 February 1990, the Natal Witness newspaper estimated that fighting around Durban and Pietermaritzburg had resulted…

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February 14, 2025