Tanzania

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / Liberation Arts Culture and Heritage / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Launching Radio Freedom – 26 June 1963

Launching Radio Freedom – 26 June 1963 On 26 June 1963, a broadcast was heard over large stretches of Johannesburg, which said “This is Radio Liberation! This is the Radio…

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June 26, 2025

1967-1968 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Battles / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Umkhonto Penetrating Mozambique Alongside FRELIMO Forces

Umkhonto Penetrating Mozambique Alongside FRELIMO Forces On 20 June 1967, the African National Congress (ANC) leadership decided that infiltration through Mozambique was impracticable. Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) soldiers would have…

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June 21, 2025

1967-1968 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

MK Mobilising the First Group for the Wankie Campaign

MK Mobilising the First Group for the Wankie Campaign On 19 June 1967, following the meeting held at Dr Randeree’s plot in Lusaka two days before, a large group of…

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June 19, 2025

1967-1968 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Preparing for Joint MK-ZIPRA and MK-FRELIMO Campaigns June 1967

Preparing for Joint MK-ZIPRA and MK-FRELIMO Campaigns June 1967 On 17 June 1967, in a little cottage situated on Dr Randeree’s plot in Lusaka, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Commanders, Lawrence…

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June 17, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Cross-Border Raids / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

African National Congress Reaction to the 1988 Piet Retief Ambushes

African National Congress Reaction to the 1988 Piet Retief Ambushes On 15 June 1988, following the June 8 and 12 Piet Retief ambushes, the African National Congress (ANC) launched an…

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June 15, 2025

1976 – 1978 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

June 16 Detachment’s Training in Novo Catengue

June 16 Detachment’s Training in Novo Catengue On 6 June 1977, an Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) military parade took place in a camp called Novo Catengue, in Benguela, Angola. The…

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June 6, 2025

1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Reaction to the MK Special Ops SASOL I and II Attacks

Reaction to the MK Special Ops SASOL I and II Attacks On 4 June 1980, African National Congress (ANC) leader Oliver Tambo’s predictions that the SASOL attack would herald an…

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June 4, 2025

1969-1974 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

The Arrest and Conviction of MK Commander James April

The Arrest and Conviction of MK Commander James April On Monday, 31 May 1971, after the news of James April’s imprisonment reached the headquarters of the External Mission of the…

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May 31, 2025

1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / RENAMO / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

ANC-Mozambique Relations’ Impact on the Armed Struggle

ANC-Mozambique Relations’ Impact on the Armed Struggle On 30 May 1983, a New York Times newspaper article maintained that “Mozambique could be ruined by South Africa, and that appears to…

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May 30, 2025

1964-1967 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / FRELIMO / Pan Africanism / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Challenges Over the Bechuanaland Route

Challenges Over the Bechuanaland Route On 29 May 1966, Mack Futha was deported to Zambia, thus implying that his mission to establish a pipeline into South Africa through Bechuanaland was…

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May 29, 2025