Zambia

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / National Democratic Revolution / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Inkosi Mhlabunzima Maphumulo Gunned Down

Inkosi Mhlabunzima Maphumulo Gunned Down On 25 February 1991, exactly 35 years ago, the President of the traditional leaders’ organisation, the Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa (CONTRALESA) and…

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February 25, 2026

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Biographies and Obituaries / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Brutal Murder of Bheki Mlangeni

The Brutal Murder of Bheki Mlangeni On 15 February 1991, 35-year-old Bheki Mlangeni, who was a lawyer working for the African National Congress (ANC) in the 1990s, died instantly after…

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February 15, 2026

1990 – 1994 / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

OR Tambo Returns from Exile

OR Tambo Returns from Exile On 13 December 1990, exactly 35 years ago, Oliver Reginald Tambo, the exiled Deputy President and later President of the African National Congress (ANC), returned…

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December 13, 2025

1964-1967 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Michael Dingake Arrested in Figtree, Rhodesia

Michael Dingake Arrested in Figtree, Rhodesia On 8 December 1965, Michael Kitso Dingake, a member of the African National Congress (ANC) Secretariat, based in Ramoutsa, in Bechuanaland, was on a…

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December 8, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Inkatha’s Attempted Truce with ANC

Inkatha’s Attempted Truce with ANC On 27 November 1985, the Inkatha National Cultural Liberation Movement (aka “Inkatha Yenkululeko Yesizwe”) proposed a truce with the African National Congress (ANC) in Lusaka,…

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November 27, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: The Black Consciousness Movement

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: The Black Consciousness Movement (Portions of the Political Report of the National Executive Committee to the National Consultative Conference, which was presented by the…

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November 8, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Battles / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: The Struggle Mounts

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: The Struggle Mounts (Portions of the Political Report of the National Executive Committee to the National Consultative Conference, which was presented by the President…

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November 6, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: The Morogoro Conference and the Need for Maximum Unity

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: The Morogoro Conference and the Need for Maximum Unity (Portions of the Political Report of the National Executive Committee to the National Consultative Conference,…

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November 5, 2025

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: Global Offensive of Imperialism and A Period of Extreme Reaction

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: Global Offensive of Imperialism and A Period of Extreme Reaction (Portions of the Political Report of the National Executive Committee to the National Consultative…

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November 4, 2025

1976 – 1978 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Cross-Border Raids / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

MK-ZIPRA Cooperation – For MK Infiltration through Matabeleland

MK-ZIPRA Cooperation – For MK Infiltration through Matabeleland On 15 September 1978, five combatants of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) arrived at the Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) residence in Francistown,…

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September 16, 2025