1990 – 1994

1990 – 1994 / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / National Trade Union Leaders / Negotiations / Sanctions / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Oliver Tambo: Our Will and Readiness to Free Ourselves

Oliver Tambo: Our Will and Readiness to Free Ourselves (Opening address by President Oliver Tambo to the ANC’s National Consultative Conference held in Johannesburg from 14 to 16 December 1990).…

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December 14, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

OR Tambo Returns from Exile

OR Tambo Returns from Exile On 13 December 1990, exactly 35 years ago, Oliver Reginald Tambo, the exiled Deputy President and later President of the African National Congress (ANC), returned…

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December 13, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO

The Farcical Harms Commission Report

The Farcical Harms Commission Report On Saturday, 24 November 1990, apartheid National Party politicians and senior officials in the security forces celebrated the release of the Harms Commission Report, as…

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November 25, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

Negotiations and Intentions to Weaken the ANC

Negotiations and Intentions to Weaken the ANC On 30 September 1990, leaders of the African National Congress, Nelson Mandela and Chris Hani, held a press conference in Umtata wherein they…

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October 1, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Bantustan Leaders Jointly Reject the Mandela-De Klerk “Record of Understanding”

Bantustan Leaders Jointly Reject the Mandela-De Klerk “Record of Understanding” On 29 September 1992, following the signing of a “Record of Understanding” by the leader of the African National Congress…

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September 29, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Gruesome Bisho Massacre

The Gruesome Bisho Massacre On 7 September 1992, twenty-eight (28) African National Congress (ANC) supporters and one soldier were shot dead by the Bantustan Ciskei Defence Force (CDF) during a…

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September 7, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Mikhail Gorbachev Resigns Towards Dissolution of the CPSU

Mikhail Gorbachev Resigns Towards Dissolution of the CPSU “If there is one lesson we can derive from all this it is that the organised socialist movement in this country can…

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August 24, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Operation Vula: The Post-Mortem

Operation Vula: The Post-Mortem On Tuesday, 21 August 1990, Colonel Johannes Steyn and Lieutenant Colonel Hendrik J.P. ‘Hentie’ Botha, of the Natal Security Branch intelligence unit, reported to the apartheid…

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August 21, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Trade Union Leaders / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Buthelezi Mobilisation of IFP Supporters in Thokoza

Buthelezi Mobilisation of IFP Supporters in Thokoza On 11 August 1993, Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi was addressing a crowd of approximately 2 500 Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) supporters in Thokoza,…

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August 11, 2025

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Operation Vula Exposed – Part 3: The Pretoria Minute

Operation Vula Exposed – Part 3: The Pretoria Minute On the night of 6 August 1990, at approximately 23:00, apartheid President F.W. De Klerk and African National Congress (ANC) leader…

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August 8, 2025