Congress Alliance

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Mandela Provides Feedback on His Trip Abroad

Mandela Provides Feedback on His Trip Abroad On 28 July 1962, Joe Slovo informed his wife, Ruth First, that a convergence of people working in the South African Communist Party…

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July 28, 2025

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Incipient MK High Command under Threat

The Incipient MK High Command under Threat On 4 July 1963, the Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) National High Command gathered at their Rivonia Headquarters to hear Arthur Goldreich submitting a…

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July 5, 2025

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Beginning of Efforts to Implement the Congress Alliance Resolution

Beginning of Efforts to Implement the Congress Alliance Resolution On 3 July 1961, following discussions between Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and Joe Slovo on who would join them on the…

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July 4, 2025

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Congress Alliance Debates the Armed Struggle

Congress Alliance Debates the Armed Struggle On 2 July 1961, the night following the debate the African National Congress (ANC) had in Groutville, near Stanger, on the armed struggle, the…

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July 3, 2025

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Debate around Adoption of the Armed Struggle: Part 1

The Debate around Adoption of the Armed Struggle: Part 1 On 2 June 1961, at a meeting of the Working Committee of the African National Congress (ANC) National Executive Committee…

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June 2, 2025

1974-1975 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / National Trade Union Leaders / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Efforts to Revive the M-Plan in the 1970s

Efforts to Revive the M-Plan in the 1970s On Sunday morning, 13 April 1975, Bhekisisa Nxasana was in the yard of his house in Clermont, Durban, when a man approached…

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April 15, 2025

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

OR Tambo: First Visit to the Soviet Union

OR Tambo: First Visit to the Soviet Union On 9 April 1963, returning from a trip to the Soviet Union, based on the invitation of the Soviet Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee,…

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April 9, 2025

1943-1960 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Sanctions / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

The African National Congress (ANC) is Banned

The African National Congress (ANC) is Banned On 8 April 1960, the apartheid Justice Minister Frans Erasmus informed Parliament in Cape Town that the apartheid government had just signed a…

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April 8, 2025

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / Pan Africanism

Apartheid South Africa Withdrawn from the British Commonwealth

Apartheid South Africa Withdrawn from the British Commonwealth On 15 March 1961, at the Commonwealth Prime Ministers’ Conference, apartheid South Africa announced that it was to withdraw from the Commonwealth…

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March 15, 2025

1943-1960 / African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid Police / National Trade Union Leaders / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Organise or Starve! The Inaugural Conference of SACTU

Organise or Starve! The Inaugural Conference of SACTU On 4 – 5 March 1955, the Inaugural Conference of the South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU) was held at the…

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March 4, 2025