Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe (Leaflet issued by the Command of Umkhonto we Sizwe, 16 December 1961) Units of Umkhonto we Sizwe today carried out planned attacks against government installations,…
Chief Albert Luthuli and Reverend Martin Luther King: “Appeal for Action Against Apartheid” On 10 December 1962, Chief Lutuli and the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. initiated a joint…
Violent and Non-Violent Transition Forms and Methods of Struggle – The South African Democratic Revolution by A. Lerumo (aka Michael “Mick” Harmel), 1962 “The time comes in the life of…
Fish Keitseng’s Land Rover Exploded On 17 September 1963, during the night, the Land Rover that Jack Hodgson bought for Fish Keitseng to use in Peleng Village, in Lobatse, was…
MK Commander Looksmart Ngudle Dies in Detention On 5 September 1963, Looksmart Ngudle became the first person to die in detention in the history of the South African liberation struggle.…
Mandela is Arrested Near Howick in Natal On the afternoon of 5 August 1962, Nelson Mandela was wearing his white chauffeur’s dust coat, as Cecil Williams was driving him in…
The Massive Post-Rivonia Arrests: August 1963 – July 1964 On 3 August 1963, in the early hours of the morning, Stephen Mtshali was arrested at his aunt’s home, in Durban,…
Mandela Reports to Luthuli on his Trip Abroad On 1 August 1962, Nelson Mandela met with the President of the African National Congress (ANC), Inkosi Albert Luthuli, in a house…
Mandela Provides Feedback on His Trip Abroad On 28 July 1962, Joe Slovo informed his wife, Ruth First, that a convergence of people working in the South African Communist Party…
Frantz Fanon – Marxism and Anti-Imperialism in Africa (Extracts from Chapter 6: Conclusion, “The Wretched of the Earth”, 1961) When I search for Man in the technique and the style…