“In December the African National Congress (ANC) received an invitation from the Pan-African Freedom Movement for East, Central and Southern Africa (PAFMECSA) to attend its conference in Addis Ababa in…
On the question of racial discrimination, the Addis Ababa Conference taught, to those who will learn, this further lesson: that until the philosophy which holds one race superior and another…
On 5 January 1965, three members of the African National Congress (ANC) and Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Mac Maharaj, Laloo Chiba and Andrew Masondo, including an unknown Raymond Nyanda, arrived…
There’s been a revolution, a black revolution, going on in Africa. In Kenya, the Mau Mau were revolutionaries; they were the ones who made the word “Uhuru” [Kenyan word for…
On 30 December 1962, the lorry that brought the Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) recruits to Mamre for military training arrived to collect them, as they got at the back in…
On 10 December 1963, a group of forty Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) recruits landed in Odessa, in the Ukraine part of the Soviet Union for military training. The youngsters were…
The Dependent Pillar of the South African Revolution. The paper tries to address the armed struggle as one of the pillars of theSouth African revolution, especially its adoption, together with…