1961-1964

Read more about the article The Rivonia Arrests – Apartheid Security Branch Pounces on the MK High Command
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Rivonia Arrests – Apartheid Security Branch Pounces on the MK High Command

The Rivonia Arrests – Apartheid Security Branch Pounces on the MK High Command On the morning of 11 July 1963, Lieutenant van Wyk of the apartheid Security Branch had a…

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July 11, 2025
Read more about the article Apartheid Security Net Closing In On the MK Underground
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Apartheid Security Net Closing In On the MK Underground

Apartheid Security Net Closing In On the MK Underground On Saturday, 6 July 1963, at approximately 02:00 in the morning, Billy Nair was arrested in his Durban home. The news…

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July 7, 2025
Read more about the article The Incipient MK High Command under Threat
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Incipient MK High Command under Threat

The Incipient MK High Command under Threat On 4 July 1963, the Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) National High Command gathered at their Rivonia Headquarters to hear Arthur Goldreich submitting a…

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July 5, 2025
Read more about the article Beginning of Efforts to Implement the Congress Alliance Resolution
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Beginning of Efforts to Implement the Congress Alliance Resolution

Beginning of Efforts to Implement the Congress Alliance Resolution On 3 July 1961, following discussions between Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and Joe Slovo on who would join them on the…

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July 4, 2025
Read more about the article Congress Alliance Debates the Armed Struggle
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Congress Alliance Debates the Armed Struggle

Congress Alliance Debates the Armed Struggle On 2 July 1961, the night following the debate the African National Congress (ANC) had in Groutville, near Stanger, on the armed struggle, the…

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July 3, 2025
Read more about the article The SACP Electing for Training Abroad, the ANC Debating the Armed Option
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The SACP Electing for Training Abroad, the ANC Debating the Armed Option

The SACP Electing for Training Abroad, the ANC Debating the Armed Option On 1 July 1961, Tennyson Makiwane was conversing with Wilton Mkwayi and Moses Mabhida about the South African…

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July 1, 2025
Read more about the article Launching Radio Freedom – 26 June 1963
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / Liberation Arts Culture and Heritage / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Launching Radio Freedom – 26 June 1963

Launching Radio Freedom – 26 June 1963 On 26 June 1963, a broadcast was heard over large stretches of Johannesburg, which said “This is Radio Liberation! This is the Radio…

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June 26, 2025
Read more about the article Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Guerrilla Warfare Strategy Development
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Guerrilla Warfare Strategy Development

Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Guerrilla Warfare Strategy Development On 24 June 1963, African National Congress (ANC) Chief Representative in London for Europe and Latin America, Raymond Kunene, was addressing the…

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June 24, 2025
Read more about the article World Refugee Day and the Years of Exile
1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / Liberation Arts Culture and Heritage / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

World Refugee Day and the Years of Exile

World Refugee Day and the Years of Exile June 20 is recognized as “World Refugee Day”, a day designated by the United Nations (UN) Refugee Agency, the United Nations High…

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June 20, 2025