1961-1964

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The Rivonia Arrests – Apartheid Security Branch Pounces on the MK High Command

The Rivonia Arrests – Apartheid Security Branch Pounces on the MK High Command On the morning of 11 July 1963, Lieutenant van Wyk of the apartheid Security Branch had a…

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July 11, 2026

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Apartheid Security Net Closing In On the Underground

Apartheid Security Net Closing In On the Underground On Saturday, 6 July 1963, at approximately 02:00 in the morning, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Natal Regional Command member, Billy Nair, was…

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July 6, 2026

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Sanctions / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO

UN Committee on SWA Denied Entry with Serious Repercussions

UN Committee on SWA Denied Entry with Serious Repercussions On 4 July 1961, a United Nations (UN) committee consisting of eight, with instructions to investigate conditions in the Mandated Territory…

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July 4, 2026

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Trade Union Leaders / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Efforts to Implement the Congress Alliance Resolution

Efforts to Implement the Congress Alliance Resolution On 3 July 1961, following discussions between Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and Joe Slovo on who would join them on the “High Command”…

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July 3, 2026

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Congress Alliance Debates the Armed Struggle

Congress Alliance Debates the Armed Struggle On 2 July 1961, the night following the debate the African National Congress (ANC) had in Groutville, near Stanger, on the armed struggle, the…

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July 2, 2026

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The SACP Electing for Training Abroad, the ANC Debating the Armed Option

The SACP Electing for Training Abroad, the ANC Debating the Armed Option Exactly sixty years ago, on 1 July 1961, Tennyson Makiwane was conversing with Wilton Mkwayi and Moses Mabhida…

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July 2, 2026

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

The ILO Calls for Apartheid SA’s Withdrawal at the Geneva Conference

The ILO Calls for Apartheid SA’s Withdrawal at the Geneva Conference On 29 June 1961, during its plenary conference in Geneva, the International Labour Organisation (ILO) adopted a resolution condemning…

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June 30, 2026

1961-1964 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Ghana Imposes Sanctions Against Apartheid South Africa

Ghana Imposes Sanctions Against Apartheid South Africa On 27 June 1961, the government of Ghana imposed a total ban on the export of all Ghanaian produce to South Africa and…

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June 28, 2026

1961-1964 / Anti-Imperialism / Battles

Fidel Castro: We Must Defend Our Country – Denouncing US Bay of Pigs Aggression

Fidel Castro: We Must Defend Our Country – Denouncing US Bay of Pigs Aggression On 19 April 1961, the Bay of Pigs Invasion became a failed military landing operation on…

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April 19, 2026

1961-1964 / Anti-Imperialism / Liberation Arts Culture and Heritage

Fidel Castro: What the Imperialists Cannot Forgive

Fidel Castro: What the Imperialists Cannot Forgive On 16 April 1961, shortly before the United States’ Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba, Fidel Castro proclaimed the “socialist” character of the…

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April 16, 2026