Front Line States

1990 – 1994 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Biographies and Obituaries / Cross-Border Raids / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Mdala Oliver Reginald Tambo Passes On

Mdala Oliver Reginald Tambo Passes On On this day, 24 April 1993, after suffering complications following a stroke, Oliver Tambo passed on at the age of 75. His death came…

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April 23, 2026

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Commander Lizo Bright Ngqungwana of the Western Cape

Commander Lizo Bright Ngqungwana of the Western Cape Forty years ago, at around 02:00 in the morning of 23 April 1986, while Lizo Bright Ngqungwana was asleep in a three-roomed…

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April 22, 2026

1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Front Line States / Liberation Arts Culture and Heritage / Pan Africanism

18 April World Heritage Day: From Kongwa to Freedom Park

18 April World Heritage Day: From Kongwa to Freedom Park On 18 April, World Heritage Day, also known as the International Day for Monuments and Sites, is celebrated annually to…

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April 18, 2026

1943-1960 / 1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / Israel / National Democratic Revolution / Palestine / Pan Africanism / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Oliver Tambo – The Spirit of Bandung

Oliver Tambo – The Spirit of Bandung (On 18 – 24 April 1955, the first large-scale Afro–Asian Conference, also known as the Bandung Conference, which was a meeting of Asian…

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April 18, 2026

1976 – 1978 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / Liberation Arts Culture and Heritage / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

15 April World Art Day: Evoking the Medu Arts Ensemble

15 April World Art Day: Evoking the Medu Arts Ensemble April 15 is celebrated annually as World Art Day, which was a global initiative dedicated to promoting the understanding, development,…

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April 15, 2026

1994 – Beyond / African liberation movement / Anti-Imperialism / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism

Julius Nyerere: Enhance Our Capacity as Africa to Develop If We Work Together

Julius Nyerere: Enhance Our Capacity as Africa to Develop If We Work Together (Extracts from a Speech by the late Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere to Parliament Members of South Africa,…

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April 13, 2026

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Armed Struggle / Battles / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Chris Hani: We Have to Destroy that Regime

Chris Hani: We Have to Destroy that Regime (Message from the Army Commissar, Chris Hani, to cadres of the People’s Army, Umkhonto we Sizwe, Luanda, Angola, June 1984) “We are…

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April 10, 2026

1976 – 1978 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Cross-Border Raids / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Apartheid’s ‘Total Strategy’: Arming the Racist State – Part 2

Apartheid’s ‘Total Strategy’: Arming the Racist State – Part 2 As concluded in Part 1, the acceptance of the “total national strategy” had two important effects – it changed the…

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April 3, 2026

1969-1974 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s)

No To Dialogue: The Movement Responds to Vorster’s Racist Ruse

No To Dialogue: The Movement Responds to Vorster’s Racist Ruse On 2 April 1971, the African National Congress (ANC) of South Africa’s Director of Political Affairs, Duma Nokwe, responded sternly…

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April 2, 2026

1976 – 1978 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Front Line States / Liberation Arts Culture and Heritage / National Democratic Revolution / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Apartheid’s ‘Total Strategy’: Arming the Racist State – Part 1

Apartheid’s ‘Total Strategy’: Arming the Racist State – Part 1 Introduction On 31 March 1977, the apartheid government released a Defence Force White Paper in the House of Assembly, which…

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March 30, 2026