Botswana

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Commander Lizo Bright Ngqungwana of the Western Cape

Commander Lizo Bright Ngqungwana of the Western Cape Forty years ago, at around 02:00 in the morning of 23 April 1986, while Lizo Bright Ngqungwana was asleep in a three-roomed…

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April 22, 2026

1976 – 1978 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / Liberation Arts Culture and Heritage / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

15 April World Art Day: Evoking the Medu Arts Ensemble

15 April World Art Day: Evoking the Medu Arts Ensemble April 15 is celebrated annually as World Art Day, which was a global initiative dedicated to promoting the understanding, development,…

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April 15, 2026

1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Apartheid Enemy Agents: The Shishita Report and Challenges of Fazenda

Apartheid Enemy Agents: The Shishita Report and Challenges of Fazenda On 17 March 1981, a team from the African National Congress’s (ANC) Department of National Intelligence and Security (NAT) Security…

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March 17, 2026

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Biographies and Obituaries / National Democratic Revolution / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF)

MK Special Operations Combatant Marion Sparg is Arrested

MK Special Operations Combatant Marion Sparg is Arrested Forty years ago, on 7 March 1986, after the apartheid President PW Botha had lifted the state of emergency during a speech…

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March 7, 2026

1979-1983 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / Pan Africanism / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

MK Botswana Machinery Unit Compromised

MK Botswana Machinery Unit Compromised On the morning of 13 January 1979, an Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) Botswana Machinery Unit of seven combatants were waiting in the bush on their…

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January 13, 2026

1969-1974 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

The Hani Memorandum

The Hani Memorandum Around 7 January 1969, Chris Hani and six other Comrades signed a document, later known as the “Hani Memorandum”, that accused the African National Congress (ANC) in…

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January 7, 2026

1984-1990 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Cross-Border Raids / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Chris Hani: The Demand of the Time

Chris Hani: The Demand of the Time (Address by Chris Hani, the Deputy Commander and Commissar of Umkhonto we Sizwe, to the MK People’s Army, Luanda, Angola, January 1986) “1985…

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December 31, 2025

1964-1967 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Pan Africanism / South African Communist Party’s (SACP’s) / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

Michael Dingake Arrested in Figtree, Rhodesia

Michael Dingake Arrested in Figtree, Rhodesia On 8 December 1965, Michael Kitso Dingake, a member of the African National Congress (ANC) Secretariat, based in Ramoutsa, in Bechuanaland, was on a…

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December 8, 2025

1976 – 1978 / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Cross-Border Raids / FRELIMO / Front Line States / National Democratic Revolution / National Executive Committee (NEC) / Negotiations / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / SWAPO / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

MK-ZIPRA Cooperation – For MK Infiltration through Matabeleland

MK-ZIPRA Cooperation – For MK Infiltration through Matabeleland On 15 September 1978, five combatants of Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) arrived at the Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) residence in Francistown,…

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September 16, 2025

1912 – 1943 / 1994 – Beyond / African liberation movement / African National Congress (ANC) / Anti-Imperialism / Apartheid Police / Armed Struggle / Battles / Biographies and Obituaries / National Democratic Revolution / National Trade Union Leaders / Pan Africanism / South African Defence Force’s (SADF) / Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) / Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU)

Justice “Gizenga” Mpanza (aka “Reuben Nhlabathi”)

Justice “Gizenga” Mpanza (aka “Reuben Nhlabathi”) Justice “Gizenga” Mpanza (aka “Reuben Nhlabathi”) was born on 5 September 1937 at Groutville Mission, near to KwaDukuza (Stanger). His father was one of…

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September 5, 2025