PW Botha Declares a State of Emergency – Revisited

PW Botha Declares a State of Emergency – Revisited On 20 July 1985, at a press conference in Pretoria, apartheid President P.W. Botha claimed that “violence and lawlessness” in the…

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The Black People’s Convention (BPC) is Created

The Black People’s Convention (BPC) is Created On 12 July 1972, the Black People Convention (BPC) was established after a three-day long conference at the Edendale Lay Ecumenical Centre in…

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Michael “Mick” Harmel: A Revolutionary Thinker, Writer and Strategist

Michael “Mick” Harmel: A Revolutionary Thinker, Writer and Strategist On 18 June 1974, a revolutionary South African anti-imperialist activist, journalist and South African Communist Party (SACP) member Michael “Mick” Harmel…

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The Aftermath of the Soweto June 16 Uprisings

The Aftermath of the Soweto June 16 Uprisings On 17 June 1976, the day after the 16 June 1976 Soweto uprisings, the revolts rapidly escalated, spreading beyond Soweto to other…

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Ciskei General Charles Sebe is Imprisoned and Convicted

Ciskei General Charles Sebe is Imprisoned and Convicted On 15 June 1984, former Commander of the Armed Forces of the Ciskei, Major-General Charles Sebe, brother of President Lennox Sebe, was…

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Ruth First At 101 Years: From the Freedom Charter to Armed Struggle

Ruth First At 101 Years: From the Freedom Charter to Armed Struggle (Heloise Ruth First would have turned 101 years today, as she was born on 4 May 1925 in…

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Commander Lizo Bright Ngqungwana of the Western Cape

Commander Lizo Bright Ngqungwana of the Western Cape Forty years ago, at around 02:00 in the morning of 23 April 1986, while Lizo Bright Ngqungwana was asleep in a three-roomed…

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MK Special Operations Combatant Marion Sparg is Arrested

MK Special Operations Combatant Marion Sparg is Arrested Forty years ago, on 7 March 1986, after the apartheid President PW Botha had lifted the state of emergency during a speech…

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Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: Destroy the Old Order (Part 1)

Forty Years of the Kabwe Conference: Destroy the Old Order (Part 1) (Excerpts from an Address by Oliver Tambo to the Nation on Radio Freedom, 22 July 1985) Compatriots, “Forty-eight…

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