The Aftermath of the Soweto June 16 Uprisings

The Aftermath of the Soweto June 16 Uprisings On 17 June 1976, the day after the 16 June 1976 Soweto uprisings, the revolts rapidly escalated, spreading beyond Soweto to other…

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PW Botha Resigns from the National Party

PW Botha Resigns from the National Party On 6 May 1990, former leader of the National Party (NP) and head of state, Pieter Willem Botha, resigned from the party in…

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A Moment of Unity and Renewal: The Morogoro Conference Revisited

A Moment of Unity and Renewal: The Morogoro Conference Revisited On 25 April 1969, speaking at a conference hall of more than seventy people, in Morogoro, Tanzania, Acting President of…

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Apartheid’s ‘Total Strategy’: Arming the Racist State – Part 2

Apartheid’s ‘Total Strategy’: Arming the Racist State – Part 2 As concluded in Part 1, the acceptance of the “total national strategy” had two important effects – it changed the…

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Apartheid’s ‘Total Strategy’: Arming the Racist State – Part 1

Apartheid’s ‘Total Strategy’: Arming the Racist State – Part 1 Introduction On 31 March 1977, the apartheid government released a Defence Force White Paper in the House of Assembly, which…

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Cuito Cuanavale and the Pursuit of the African Revolution

Cuito Cuanavale and the Pursuit of the African Revolution After the 23 March 1988 reversals at Cuito Cuanavale, apartheid South Africa began talks that culminated in the 22 December 1988…

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